Задания на неопределенный артикль. Упражнения на артикли — уровень beginner – elementary

Одно из существенных отличий английского языка от русского – использование артиклей перед существительными. Русскоговорящим тяжело дается эта тема, поскольку в нашем родном языке нет никаких аналогов этим служебным словам. В английской же речи они употребляются практически перед каждым существительным , поэтому мы просто обязаны разобраться в их правильном употреблении. Изучим основные случаи постановки этих служебных частей речи в предложении и выполним различные упражнения на артикли в английском языке для их отработки и запоминания.

Всего различают два вида артиклей в английском языке: и неопределенный артикль. Каждый из них имеет свое значение, правила и случаи употребления. Правильное использование артиклей является важным моментом английской речи, поскольку позволяет внести ясность в предложение и достичь понимания с собеседником.

Неопределенный артикль

Служебное слово a (an ) имеет родственные связи с числительным one и означает единичность какого-либо случая, явления, предмета. Соответственно он может употребляться только с теми существительными, которые стоят в единственном числе и относятся к классу исчисляемых. Еще одно значение этого артикля – классификация лица/предмета в значении «каждый, любой, всякий» . Рассмотрим, как используются неопределенные артикли в английском языке, а позже проработаем упражнения.

Грамматическое замечание: если слово, к которому относится артикль, начинается с гласной буквы, то артикль имеет вид an , в остальных случаях а .

Определенный артикль

В отличие от предыдущей части речи, артикль the употребляется со всеми возможными классами существительных, причем как в единственном, так и во множественном числе. Используется он тех в случаях, когда речь идет о конкретном предмете, лице, явлении. Разберемся в правилах на употребление этой служебной части речи и попрактикуемся в их применении в ходе выполнения упражнения на определенные артикли на английском языке.

Грамматическое замечание: ни один вид артиклей не употребляется, если перед существительными стоит местоимение, указательное местоимение, количественное числительное , другое существительное в притяжательном падеже или отрицание no (не not!). Неисчисляемые существительные, за редким исключением, употребляются без артиклей.

Итак, мы изучили основные правила употребления артиклей. Еще есть отдельные законы, по которым используются или не используются артикли с географическими названиями , именами собственными, названиями болезней, а также национальностями, обозначениями жителей, иностранными языками и т.д. Список эти особых случаев довольно обширный, с ним можно ознакомиться и изучить . Сейчас же наша задача закрепить полученные общие знания. Для этого выполним грамматические упражнения на артикли в современном английском языке.

Упражнения на артикли в английском языке

Попрактикуемся в использовании артиклей с помощью нескольких упражнений.

Упражнение 1 (неопределенный артикль)

Напиште неопределенный артикль a или an:

orange

car

mouse

book

apple

word

actor

arm

cat

animal

Упражнение 2 (артикли)

Вставьте недостающий артикль a(an) или the

child needs love and care.

computer is out of order.

What hectic life.

It is second picture.

students are at canteen.

English is very beautiful language.

It is final version of our project.

Упражнение 3 (артикль the)

Напишите артикль "the", где это необходимо или "-" где артикль не нужен:

It is my first book.

fish are hungry.

Open window, please.

My Grandfather is eldest in our family.

What is right answer?

your sun is set.

Do you like cars?

My mother lives on third floor.

Do you remember Peter’s words?

Упражнение 1. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. This is a book. It is my book. 2. Is this your pencil? - No, it isn"t my pencil, it is my sister"s pencil. 3. I have a sister. My sister is an engineer. My sister"s husband is a doctor. 4. I have no handbag. 5. She has got a headache. 6. Have they got a car? - Yes, they have. Their car is very expensive but reliable. 7. Have you got a calculator? - No, I haven"t. 8. Is this a watch? - No, it isn"t a watch, it"s a pen. 9. This pen is good, and that pen is bad. 10. I can see a pencil on your table, but I can see no paper. 11. Give me a chair, please. 12, They have a dog and two cats. 13. I have a spoon in my plate, but I have no soup in it. 14. My friend says he is going to be a millionaire one day. 15. Would you like an orange? 16. Mr. Smith is an artist, Mrs. Smith is a poetess.
Упоминая предмет впервые, мы употребляем перед ним неопределенный артикль а(аn) . Упоминая этот же предмет вторично, мы ставим перед ним определенный артикль the .

E.g. This is a book. The book is interesting.

Упражнение 2. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Упражнение 3. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. This is a pen. The pen is red. 2. These are pencils. The pencils are black. 3. This is soup. The soup is tasty. 4. In the morning I eat a sandwich and drink tea. 5. She gave me coffee and a cake. The coffee was hot. The cake was tasty. 6. Do you like ice cream? 7. I see a book in your hand. Is the book interesting? 8. Do you need a camera? 9. He never eats meat, he always eats vegetables, cereals, seeds, fruit, and nuts. He is a vegetarian. 10. This is a pineapple. The pineapple is delicious. 11. Elaine, apples are good for you! 12. My cousin is upset. He"s got a sore throat. 13. This is cottage cheese. The cottage cheese is fresh. 14. She bought meat, butter and potatoes yesterday. She also bought a cake. The cake was very tasty. We ate the cake with tea. 15. This is my table. On the table I have a book, two pencils, a pen and paper. 16. This is a bag. The bag is brown. It is my sister"s bag. And this is my bag. It is yellow.
Запомните следующие словосочетания, в которых артикль не употребляется:

at school - в школе

At home - дома

At work - на работе

Упражнение 4. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Упражнение 5. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. We have a large family. 2. My granny often tells us long interesting stories. 3. My father is an engineer. He works at a factory. The factory is large. 4. My mother is a doctor. She works at a large hospital. She is at work now. 5. My aunt is a teacher. She works at school. The school is good. My aunt is not at school now. She is at home. She is drinking tea and eating jam. The jam is sweet. I am at home, too. I am drinking tea and eating a sandwich. The sandwich is tasty. 6. My sister is at school. She is a pupil. 7. My cousin has a big black cat. My cousin"s cat has two kittens. The cat likes milk. The kittens like milk, too. 8. I am an engineer. 9. My son is a pupil, 10. He is a good pupil. 11. This is a house. 12. This is my pencil. 13. You have some pencils, but I have no pencil. Give me a pencil, please. 14. What a pity! I can"t come to the party tonight.
Часто, даже упоминая предмет впервые, мы тем не менее употребляем перед ним определенный артикль:

а) если упоминаемый предмет является единственным в мире

E.g. The sun is shining brightly. - Солнце светит ярко

б) если этот предмет является определенным по ситуации

E.g. Put the book on the table. - Положи книгу на стол.

Упражнение 6. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Упражнение 7. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Запомните также следующие предложения:

The (book) is on the (table).

Ho: The (book) is on a little (table)

Существительное, стоящее в скобках, может быть любым. Прилагательное также может быть любым. Вместо предлога "on " может быть любой другой предлог иди заменяющее его словосочетание, напр., "in front of ".

Упражнение 8. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Упражнение 9. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is a wonderful small computer in front of the books there. 2. Where is the soup? - The soup is in a big saucepan on the gas cooker. 3. Whete are the cutlets? - The cutlets are in the refrigerator on a little plate. 4. There is no bread on the table. Where is the bread? 5. There is a little brown coffee table in our room in front of the sofa. 6. Where is the table in your room? 7. There is a thick carpet on the floor in my mother"s room. 8. Is your brother at home? - No, he is at work. He works at a big factory. He is an engineer. 9. My sister has many books. The books are in a big bookcase. 10. The weather is fine today. Let"s go and play in the yard. There are many children in the yard. They are playing with a ball.
Запомните следующие конструкции, требующие неопределенного артикля:
I have a ____ . У меня есть ____ . This is a ____ . Это ____ . I am а ____ . Я ____ . Не has а ____ . У него есть ____ . That is а ____ . То ____ . Не is а ____ . Он ____ . I see а ____ . Я вижу ____ . It is а ____ . Это ____ . She is а ____ . Она ____ . There is а ____ . Где-то находится (есть) что-то.
Вместо ____ нужно поставить существительное в единственном числе.

Упражнение 10. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. I see a bottle of pineapple juice on the kitchen table. 2. Her son has a great sense of humor. 3. There was a discotheque at the club last Saturday but he didn"t go. 4. Is there a bus stop near the building? 5. We have a big dog. The dog is very clever. 6. My friend has a very good computer. 7. This boy is big. He is a student. 8. There is a very big piano in the hall. 9. This is a tree and that is not a tree. It"s a bush. 10. I am a boy. I am a pupil. I learn at school. 11. My sister is at work. She is a secretary. She works at a large office. 12. This is a very difficult question. I don"t know the answer to it. 13. Do you see a little girl with a big ball in her hands? She is a pupil of our school. 14. There was a beautiful flower in this vase yesterday. Where is the flower now? 15. Last year we were in Geneva. It is an exciting city to visit, but a very expensive place to live.
Запомните следующие застывшие словосочетания:

in the middle - посередине

in the corner - в углу

to the right - направо

to the left - налево

Упражнение 11. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Упражнение 12. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

My aunt"s flat is in a new house. There is a living room, a bedroom, a study, a bathroom and a kitchen in the flat. The bedroom is a large room with two windows. The room is light as the windows are large. There are white curtains on the windows. There are two beds with large pillows on them. There are small tables near the beds. There are lamps on them. To the left of the door there is a dressing table with a mirror on it. There is a low chair at the dressing table. There are several pictures on the pale green walls. There is a thick carpet on the floor. The carpet is dark green. The room is very cosy.
Если после конструкции there is (there are) стоит неисчисляемое существительное или существительное во множественном числе, вместо опущенного неопределенного артикля часто (не обязательно) употребляется слово " some."

Упражнение 13. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

2. We make butter from milk.
3. We make bottle of glass.

5. We make a table of wood.
6. A cat has a long tail.


9. Snow is white and soft.

11. A fish swims in water.

13. A piano makes music.



17. A car runs on petrol.

2. We make butter from milk.
3. We make bottle of glass.
4. A cow eats grass in a field.
5. We make a table of wood.
6. A cat has a long tail.
7. A dog likes meat and bones.
8. We make a ring of gold or silver.
9. Snow is white and soft.
10. Mothers make sweaters of wool.
11. A fish swims in water.
12. We write a letter on paper in ink.
13. A piano makes music.
14. He writes about love and hatred.
15. We make bread from flour.
16. An orange grows on a tree.
17. A car runs on petrol.
1 8. Sugar is nice in a cup of tea.
19. We eat soup with a spoon.
20. We cut bread with a knife.
21. A cow is a domestic animal.
22. A tiger is a wild animal.
23. He likes jam on a piece of bread.

Упражнение 2.

Вставьте артикль там, где необходимо.

1. This is … pen. That is … pencil.
2. This is … book. It is my … book.
3. Is this your … pencil? - No, it isn’t my … pencil, it is my sister’s … pencil.

5. This is … girl. This … girl is their … daughter. Their daughter’s … name is Vera. - I have a sister. My sister is an engineer. My sister’s husband is a doctor. They have got two children.
6. That is … boy. That … boy is her … brother. Her brother’s … name is Nick.
7. This is our … flat. 8. We have got … car. Our … car is not very expensive but reliable.
9. I have no … pet.
10. My granny has got… headache. She has no … idea what to do.
11.I have … friend. His … name is Mike. My … friend is very good.
12. It’s … cat. Its … tail is long and bushy. It’s Mike’s … cat.
Ответы:

4 .I have … sister. My … sister is … engineer. My sister’s … husband is … doctor. They have got two … children.

1. This is … pen. That is … pencil. - This is a pen. That is a pencil.
2. This is … book. It is my … book. - This is a book. It is my book.
3. Is this your … pencil? - No, it isn’t my … pencil, it is my sister’s … pencil. - Is this your pencil? - No, it isn’t my pencil, it is my sister’s pencil.
4 .I have … sister. My … sister is … engineer. My sister’s … husband is … doctor. They have got two … children.
5. This is … girl. This … girl is their … daughter. Their daughter’s … name is Vera. - This is a girl. This girl is their daughter. Their daughter’s name is Vera.
6. That is … boy. That … boy is her … brother. Her brother’s … name is Nick. - That is a boy. That boy is her brother. Her brother’s name is Nick.
7. This is our … flat. - This is our flat.
8. We have got … car. Our … car is not very expensive but reliable. - We have got a car. Our car is not expensive but reliable.
9. I have no … pet. - I have no pet.
10. My granny has got… headache. She has no … idea what to do. - My granny has got a headache. She has no idea what to do.
11. I have … friend. His … name is Mike. My … friend is very good. - I have a friend. His name is Mike. My friend is very good.
12. It’s … cat. Its … tail is long and bushy. It’s Mike’s … cat. - It’s a cat. Its tail is long and bushy. It’s Mike’s cat.

Упражнение 3.

Вставьте артикль там, где это необходимо.

1. He’s looking for … plain shirt, but all … shirts are striped.
2. I’m looking for … pair of … black pants.
3. She’s looking for … blouse. Polka-dot … blouses are very popular this … summer.
4 . I bought … new hat yesterday. … shop assistant said it was … latest style.
5 . I want to ask you to accompany me to … shop. I must buy … dress.
6. Where did you buy this overcoat? - I bought it a t … big store in Nevsky Prospect on … Tuesday.
7. My sister bought … blue hat on … Wednesday. … colour suits her very nicely as she has got … blue eyes.
8. I must buy … pair of … new gloves.
9. Where is … shoe department? - It is on … third floor.
10. I think … coat is a little tight.
11. We came to … big tailor’s shop to find out if we could have … business suit made to order.
12. I don’t like … hat you have chosen. … colour is not becoming to you.
13. Here is … department of ready-made clothes. Let’s go in and see if we can buy … nice pair of … trousers for you.
14. I am going to give him … silk tie as … birthday present. He likes … ties.
Ответы:

1. He’s looking for a plain shirt, but all the shirts are striped.
2. I’m looking for a pair of black pants.
3. She’s looking for a blouse. Polka-dot blouses are very popular this summer.
4. I bought a new hat yesterday. The shop assistant said it was the latest style.
5. I want to ask you to accompany me to the shop. I must buy a dress.
6. Where did you buy this overcoat? - I bought it at a big store in Nevsky Prospect on Tuesday.
7. My sister bought a blue hat on Wednesday. The colour suits her very nicely as she has got blue eyes.
8 . I must buy a pair of new gloves.
9. Where is the shoe department? - It is on the third floor.
10. I think the coat is a little tight.
11. We came to a big tailor’s shop to find out if we could have a business suit made to order.
12. I don’t like the hat you have chosen. The colour is not becoming to you.
13. Here is the department of ready-made clothes. Let’s go in and see if we can buy a nice pair of trousers for you.
14. I am going to give him a silk tie as a birthday present. He likes ties.

Упражнение 4.

Заполните пропуски артиклями.

1. … water is precious in this area and must be paid for. Don’t drink from this pond … water is stale.
2. They built … fire to mark the place for the plane to land.
3. Suddenly I felt… sharp pain in my side. … pain was really terrible.
4. What we need now is … time. … time we have is certainly not enough.
5. It was … great joy for … old woman to have all her children back home.
6. Paul found Russian literature … most interesting subject there.
7. How long have you been in … hospital? There was… hospital in this building a year ago.
8. Father has promised to give me … watch for my birthday. Look at … watch, what’s the time?
9. What letters arrived by … yesterday’s mail? 10. He had … opportunity to get… interesting work, but he refused.
11. … Petrovs are … friendly family.
12. He was bom on … bank of … Volga river.
13. I don’t like … life he lives. The book is about… man who lived … double life.
14. I often go to … Pushkin Theatre.
Ответы:

1. Water is precious in this area and must be paid for. Don’t drink from this pond, the water is stale.
2. They built a fire to mark the place for the plane to land.
3. Suddenly I felt a sharp pain in my side.The pain was really terrible.
4. What we need now is time.The time we have is certainly not enough.
5. It was a great joy for the old woman to have all her children back home.
6. Paul found Russian literature the most interesting subject there.
7. How long have you been in hospital ? There was a hospital in this building a year ago.
8. Father has promised to give me a watch for my birthday. Look at the watch,what’s the time?
9. What letters arrived by yesterday’s mail?
10. He had an opportunity to get interesting work, but he refused.
11. The Petrovs are a friendly family.
12. He was bom on the bank of the Volga river.
13.I don’t like the life he lives. The book is about a man who lived a double life.
14.I often go to the Pushkin Theatre.

Упражнение 5. *
Поставьте, где надо, правильный артикль (а где не надо, не ставьте).

1. “Is this your … friend?” - “No, it isn’t my … friend, it is my sister”.
2. I have … sister. My … sister is … teacher. My sister’s … husband is … pilot.
3. I have no … car.
4. She has got … terrible … headache.
5. They have … dog and two … cats.
6. My … cousin says he is going to be … manager one … day.
7. Would you like … apple?
8. This is … tree. … tree is green.
9. I can see three … children. … children are playing in … yard.
10. I have … car. … car is white. My … friend has no … car.

Ответы:

3. I have no car.



7. Would you like an apple?

1. “Is this your friend?” - “No, it isn’t my friend, it is my sister”.
2. I have a sister. My sister is a teacher. My sister’s husband is a pilot.
3. I have no car.
4. She has got a terrible headache.
5. They have a dog and two cats.
6. My cousin says he is going to be a manager one day.
7. Would you like an apple?
8. This is a tree. The tree is green.
9. I can see three children. The children are playing in the yard.
10. I have a car. The car is white. My friend has no car.

Упражнение 6.

Вставьте артикль (если необходимо), в поговорку.

1. … apple … day keeps … doctor away.
2. … appetite comes with eating.
3. … good beginning makes … good ending.
4. … bird in … hand is worth two in … bush.
5. Among … blind … one-eyed man is king.
6. … brevity is … soul of wit.
7. … cat has nine lives.
8. … charity begins at … home.
9. … clothes make … man.
10. … curiosity killed … cat.

Ответы:

7. A cat has nine lives.
8. Charity begins at home.
9. Clothes make the man.

1. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
2. The appetite comes with eating.
3. A good beginning makes a good ending.
4. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
5. Among the blind the one-eyed man is king.
6. Brevity is the soul of wit.
7. A cat has nine lives.
8. Charity begins at home.
9. Clothes make the man.
10. Curiosity killed the cat.

Упражнение 7. ***

Вставьте артикль, если это необходимо.

1. ………. teachers are like weather, one minute good, one minute bad.

2. Opening ………. fridge door, Jake took out ………. beer, opened it and drank ………. cold beer from ………. bottle, enjoying it; ……….
beer always tasted better from ………. bottle.

3. She is on ………. diet, so she ordered ………. calorie-free dinner.

4. ………. evidence of ………. happy marriage is when ………. husband and ………. wife obviously enjoy each other’s company.

5. We’d like to have ………. wedding in ………. fall, in ………. early October, just as ………. foliage begins to turn yellow.

6. Emma’s eyes rested on ………. memorandum again. Here was ………. opportunity she had been waiting for and she seized it.

7. ………. red suits her; she’s got ………. great style. It’s ………. special kind of chic only ………. French seem to have.

8. ………. plane now was climbing up through ………. sky, so blue that its clarity hurt ………. eyes. It’s ………. sky from ………. Turner painting in ………. National Gallery, Emma thought, ………. Yorkshire sky on ………. spring day when ………. wind has driven ………. fog from ………. moors.

9. He is ………. music man and makes ………. constant travels from one end of ………. globe to ………. other.

10. After ………. light supper she went to ………. bed early. Almost immediately she fell into ………. sound sleep, and it was ………. dreamless sleep for most of ………. night. Then just as ………. dawn was breaking she awakened with ………. start and sat bolt upright in ………. bed.

Ответы:

1. Teachers are like weather, one minute good, one minute bad.

2. Opening the fridge door, Jake took out a beer, opened it and drank the cold beer from the bottle, enjoying it; beer always tasted better from a bottle.

3. She is on a diet, so she ordered a calorie-free dinner.

4. The evidence of a happy marriage is when a husband and a wife obviously enjoy each other’s company.

5. We’d like to have the wedding in the fall, in early October, just as the foliage begins to turn yellow.

6. Emma’s eyes rested on the memorandum again. Here was the opportunity she had been waiting for and she seized it.

7. Red suits her; she’s got a great style. It’s a special kind of chic only the French seem to have.

8. The plane now was climbing up through the sky, so blue that its clarity hurt the eyes. It’s the sky from a Turner painting in the National Gallery, Emma thought, the Yorkshire sky on a spring day when the wind has driven the fog from the moors.

9. He is a music man and makes constant travels from one end of the globe to the other.

10. After a light supper she went to bed early. Almost immediately she fell into a sound sleep, and it was a dreamless sleep for most of the night. Then just as dawn was breaking she awakened with a start and sat bolt upright in bed.

Упражнение 8.

Вместо точек вставьте, где требуется, артикли:

1. Lomonosov, … great Russian scientist, was born in … small village, on … shore of … White Sea.
2. Chkalov was … first man to fly over … North Pole.
3. … great Russian writer Gogol was born in … Ukraine in 1809.
4. Leningrad is situated on … Neva.
5. … Elbrus is … highest peak of … Caucasian Mountains.
6. … Crimea is surrounded by … Black Sea.
7. … Caucasus separates … Black Sea from . . Caspian Sea.
8. … rice and … cotton grow in … Ukraine now.
9. … people who live in … Holland speak … Dutch.
10. … Europe and … America are separated by … Atlantic Ocean.
11. … Morocco is in … North Africa.
12. They were born on … same day and in … same town.
13. I want to write … letter to my sister. Have you … fountain pen?
14. … last page of … book is torn.
15. They met at … gate of … school.
16. I am leaving for Leningrad … next week.
17. He read … letter … second time.
18. My room is on … second floor.
19. What … silly mistakes I have made!
20. … large steel bridge joins … two banks of … river.
21. In our part of … country … November is … stormy month.
22. What … cold weather we are having!
23. All hooks must be returned to … library before … next Monday.
24. … next train leaves at 8.20.
25. What … beautiful music they are playing!
26. What … strange idea!
27. My daughter will go to … school … next year.
28. There is … large school in … village.
29. They reached … Pacific Ocean by means of … Panama Canal.
30. Has Helen returned … book she borrowed … last month? I saw her on Monday and she said she would return it … next day.
31. I called on … Stepanovs yesterday, but did not find them at home as they had already left for … Crimea.
32. He lives in … country in … summer.
33. I spent … summer of 1949 in … Sochi.
34. I like … autumn in Moscow.
35. He said that he would call on us … following Sunday.
36. … West Indies are in … Atlantic between … North America and … South America.
37. … last evening … sunset was beautiful.
38. … view from … top of … mountain is excellent.
39. We saw … ship sailing near … coast.
40. Both … copper and … lead are found in this mine.
41. In … department store you can buy … food, … shoes, … clothing, and …other goods.
Ответы:

26. What a strange idea!





или the*) summer.

это лето.
34. I like autumn in Moscow.



или a*) mountain is excellent.

1. Lomonosov, the great Russian scientist, was born in a small village, onthe shore of the White Sea.
2. Chkalov was the first man to fly over the North Pole.
3. The great Russian writer Gogol was born in the Ukraine in 1809.
4. Leningrad is situated on the Neva.
5. Elbrus is the highest peak of the Caucasian Mountains.
6. The Crimea is surrounded by the Black Sea.
7. The Caucasus separates the Black Sea from the Caspian Sea.
8. Rice and cotton grow in the Ukraine now.
9. The people who live in Holland speak Dutch.
10. Europe and America are separated by the Atlantic Ocean.
11. Morocco is in North Africa.
12. They were born on the same day and in the same town.
13. I want to write a letter to my sister. Have you a fountain pen?
14. The last page of the book is torn.
15. They met at the gate of the school.
16. I am leaving for Leningrad next week.
17. He read the letter a second time.
18. My room is on the second floor.
19. What silly mistakes I have made!
20. A large steel bridge joins the two banks of the river.
21. In our part of the country November is a stormy month.
22. What cold weather we are having!
23. All hooks must be returned to the library before next Monday.
24. The next train leaves at 8.20.
25. What beautiful music they are playing!
26. What a strange idea!
27. My daughter will go to school next year.
28. There is a large school in the village.
29. They reached the Pacific Ocean by means of the Panama Canal.
30. Has Helen returned the book she borrowed last month? I saw her on Monday and she said she would return it next day.
31. I called on the Stepanovs yesterday, but did not find them at home as they had already left for the Crimea.
32. He lives in the country in (или the*) summer.
33. I spent the summer of 1949 in Sochi.
* Если имеется в виду конкретное, это лето.
34. I like autumn in Moscow.
35. He said that he would call on us the following Sunday.
36. The West Indies are in the Atlantic between North America and South America.
37. The last evening the sunset was beautiful.
38. The view from the top of the (или a*) mountain is excellent.
* Если имеется в виду с любой горы.
39. We saw a ship sailing near the coast.
40. Both copper and lead are found in this mine.
41. In a department store you can buy food, shoes, clothing, and other goods.

Выбор во многом зависит от контекста. В этих упражнениях подобраны случаи, когда выбор более-менее однозначен. Пройдите упражнения на артикли, чтобы закрепить знание темы.

Упражнение 1. Артикль A или AN?

Выбор между вариантами неопределенного зависит от первого звука следующего слова. Перед согласным используем a , перед гласным an – это позволяет артиклю не сливаться со словом.

Показать ответы с переводом

1) an apple – яблоко

2) a board – доска

3) a nail – гвоздь

4) an orange umbrella – оранжевый зонт

5) a sparrow – воробей

6) a history class – урок истории

7) an actor – актер

8) a university – университет (слово “university” начинается с согласного звука)

Упражнение 2. Артикль THE или A\AN?

Выбор между артиклями и a\an в большинстве случаев зависит от контекста. В этом упражнении приведены случаи, когда из контекста понятно, какой именно нужен артикль.

Показать ответы с переводом

1. I need to sign this. Have you got a pen by chance? – Мне нужно это подписать. У вас случайно нет ручки?
2. This is the pen that Ernest Hemingway wrote his stories with. – Это ручка, которой Эрнест Хемингуэй писал свои рассказы.
3. We met on the day when the war started. – Мы познакомились в день, когда началась война.
4. That’s a hard task, I’ll need a day or two to finish it. – Это сложное задание, мне понадобится день или два, чтобы его закончить.
5. I’ve watched the movie you told me about. – Я посмотрел фильм, о которым ты мне говорил.
6. I had a couple of hour to kill, so I decided to go watch a movie . – Мне нужно было скоротать пару часов, поэтому я решил сходить посмотреть какой-нибудь фильм.

Упражнение 3. Нулевой артикль, артикль THE или A\AN?

В этом упражнении вам нужно выбрать между артиклем the, артиклем a\an и . Если артикль нулевой – просто оставьте пропуск в тексте пустым.

Показать ответы с переводом

1. You have an hour to finish your essay. – У вас есть час, чтобы закончить ваше сочинение.
2. A year has passed but his business still has the same problem. – Прошел год, но у его бизнеса все та же проблема.
3. We have a lot in common. – У нас много общего.
4. What do you want to buy? We’ve got sugar , oil , a sack of rice, a few magazines. – Что вы хотите купить? У нас есть сахар, масло, мешок риса, несколько журналов.
5. I agree that knowledge is power but the proverb is not about the knowledge of all seasons of “The Simpsons”. – Я согласен, что знание – сила, но эта поговорка не о знании всех сезонов “Симпсонов”.

Упражнение 4. Правильно ли выбран артикль?

В некоторых из этих предложений неправильно использован артикль. Отметьте, какие предложения соответствуют правилам грамматики, а какие нет.

1. Поставьте артикли a или an .

1. … elephant 2. … English dictionary 3. … butterfly 4. … German car 5. … Italian bag 6. … American college 7. … Russian city 8. … French designer 9. … Indian river 10. … egg 11. … notebook 12. … elegant lady 13. … ice-cream 14. … Japanese phone

2. Поставьте артикли a/ an или the там, где необходимо.

1. I’d like … chicken sandwich and … glass of … mineral water. (Я бы хотел сэндвич с курицей и стакан минеральной воды.)
2. Would you like … banana or … strawberries? (Ты хочешь банан или клубнику?)
3. She always has … apple, … toast and … cup of … coffee for … breakfast. (Она всегда съедает яблоко, тост и пьет чашку кофе на завтрак.)
4. The fly is on … ceiling in … kitchen. (Муха – на потолке на кухне.)
5. My mother is … accountant and my father is … lawyer. They work in … same company in … centre of … our town. (Моя мама – бухгалтер, а папа – юрист. Они работают в одной компании в центре нашего города.)
6. How much are … her Italian lessons? – Ten dollars … hour. (Сколько стоят ее занятия по итальянскому языку? – Десять долларов в час.)
7. Where are … dogs? – They are in … garden. (Где собаки? – Они в саду.)
8. … cats like eating … fish. … cows like eating … grass. … birds like eating … insects. (Кошки любят есть рыбу. Коровы любят есть траву. Птицы любят есть насекомых.)
9. My favourite subjects are … chemistry and … biology. (Мои любимые предметы – химия и биология.)
10. There is … parrot in … cage. And there are … pieces of … fruit in it. (В клетке попугай. И в ней есть кусочки фруктов.)
11. My granny lives in … small village in … country. (Моя бабушка живет в маленькой деревушке в сельской местности.)
12. Your baby shouldn’t sit in … sun on … hot day. (Вашему малышу не следует сидеть на солнце в жаркий день.)
13. Please open … book. … exercise is on … page 68. (Пожалуйста, откройте книгу. Упражнение находится на странице 68.)
14. Ann has been looking for … job for … long time. (Аня ищет работу долгое время.)
15. What’s … matter? - I missed … 6 o’clock train. (Что случилось? – Я не успел на 6-часовой поезд.)
16. Do you like … vegetables? (Ты любишь овощи?)
17. … mother has got … terrible headache today. (У мамы сегодня ужасная головная боль.)
18. There were … tears in … her eyes. (В ее глазах были слезы.)
19. She is … very nice woman but her sons are … bad boys. (Она очень хорошая женщина, но ее сыновья – плохие парни.)
20. Look at … woman. She is … neighbor I told you about. (Посмотри на женщину. Это соседка, о которой я тебе говорил.)

3. Поставьте артикли a/ an или the , где необходимо.

1. Yesterday I bought … pair of … shoes. Unfortunately … shoes are too tight. (Вчера я купила пару туфель. К сожалению, туфли слишком узкие.)
2. We had … dinner in … restaurant … last night. – What is … name of … restaurant? (Вчера ночью мы ужинали в ресторане. – Как называется ресторан?)
3. Tony has two children: … boy and … girl. They are … twins. … girl is in … France now. (У Тони двое детей: мальчик и девочка. Они близнецы. Девочка находится сейчас во Франции.)
4. Would you like another piece of … cake? – No, … cake is too fat for me. (Хотите еще один кусок торта? – Нет, для меня торт слишком жирный.)
5. His office is on … Floor 5. And I live on … tenth floor. (Его офис находится на этаже 5. А я живу на десятом этаже.)
6. Little Mike leaves for … school very early because … school is quite far from … his home. (Маленький Майк уходит в школу очень рано, потому что школа довольно далеко от его дома.)
7. Lara saw … letter under … door. She read … letter and started crying. (Лара увидела под дверью письмо. Она прочитала письмо и начала плакать.)
8. Did you enjoy … food at … party … last Friday? (Тебе понравилась еда на вечере в прошлую пятницу?)
9. Roger is … scientist, he works for … government. (Роджер – ученый, он работает на правительство.)
10. We go to … gym twice … week. (Мы ходим в спортзал дважды в неделю.)

4. Поставьте артикли там, где необходимо.

1. I come to … work by … bus. Today … bus was a bit late. (Я езжу на работу на автобусе. Сегодня автобус немного опоздал.)
2. … Jack is … youngest but … cleverest boy at … school. (Джэк – самый младший, но самый умный мальчик в школе.)
3. It rained, so I stayed at … home in … evening. But today … sun is shining brightly in … sky. (Шел дождь, поэтому я остался дома вечером. Но сегодня ярко светит солнце в небе.)
4. On … Monday … kids were tired and they went to … bed very early. (В понедельник дети устали и пошли спать очень рано.)
5. My wife is … best woman in … world and I’m … happiest husband! (Моя жена – лучшая женщина на свете, а я самый счастливый муж!)
6. They are having … test on … third of December. (У них будет тест третьего декабря.)
7. What … beautiful painting! … artist is such … talented person. (Какая красивая картина! Художник – такой талантливый человек.)
8. Robin Hood robbed … rich and helped … poor. (Робин Гуд грабил богатых и помогал бедным.)
9. David is … old friend of mine. He plays … guitar perfectly. His sister has been playing … tennis since … age of ten. (Давид - мой старый друг. Он отлично играет на гитаре. Его сестра играет в теннис с 10 лет.)
10. … Jacksons live in that lovely cottage with … fantastic garden. (Семья Джэксонов живет в том милом коттедже с фантастическим садом.)
11. Sam used … drugs and was sent to … prison in … August. What … shame! (Сэм применял наркотики и был отправлен в тюрьму в августе. Какой позор!)
12. … Harrisons are not religious and they never go to … church. (Семья Гаррисонов не религиозна, и они никогда не ходят в церковь.)
13. He has been in … hospital for … month. (Он лежит в больнице в течение месяца.)
14. … English are very fond of … gardening. (Англичане очень увлекаются садоводством.)
15. I’ve tried to learn … Japanese many times. (Я пробовал изучать японский язык много раз.)
16. She is … famous actress and she often appears on … TV. (Она – известная актриса и часто появляется на телевидении.)
17. It’s such … original idea! Besides you’ve got … good sense of humour. (Это такая оригинальная идея! Кроме того, у тебя хорошее чувство юмора.)
18. On … rainy day … castle looks like … prison. (В дождливый день замок выглядит как тюрьма.)

5. Поставьте артикли с именами собственными, если это необходимо.

1. … Cairo is … capital of … Egypt. (Каир – столица Египта.)
2. It was so picturesque in … Crimea … last summer. (В Крыму было так живописно прошлым летом.)
3. ... London stands on … Thames. (Лондон стоит на Темзе.)
4. I had … my holiday in … northern Italy … last year but I’m going to cross … Atlantic ocean and visit … USA … next year. (Я провел отпуск в северной Италии в прошлом году, но в следующем году я собираюсь пересечь Атлантический океан и посетить США.)
5. … Moon moves round … Earth. (Луна движется вокруг Земли.)
6. … Great Patriotic war started in 1941. (Великая Отечественная война началась в 1941 году.)
7. … Volga is … longest river in … Russia. (Волга – самая длинная река в России.)
8. … Ukraine and … Turkey are separated by … Black sea. (Украину и Турцию разделяет Черное море.)
9. My friend usually goes to … Alps in … spring by … plane. (Мой друг обычно ездит в Альпы весной на самолете.)
10. … Urals are lower than … Caucasus. (Уральские горы ниже Кавказа.)
11. … Great Britain is situated on … two large islands. (Великобритания расположена на двух больших островах.)
12. … Christmas and … Easter are my favourite holidays. (Рождество и Пасха – мои любимые праздники.)
13. It takes about … hour to get from … Domodedovo airport to … Lenin street. (Требуется около часа, чтобы добраться от аэропорта Домодедово до улицы Ленина.)
14. What’s … weather like today in … Australia? (Какая сегодня погода в Австралии?)
15. … Colorado river flows through … Grand Canyon. (Река Колорадо протекает через Большой Каньон.)
16. My English friend took me to see … National gallery, … Houses of … Parliament and … Tower bridge. (Мой английский друг взял меня посмотреть Национальную галерею, Здания Парламента и Тауэрский мост.)
17. … Statue of … Liberty was … present from … French people. (Статуя свободы была подарком от французского народа.)
18. … Galaxy where we live is called … Milky Way. (Галактика, в которой мы живем, называется Млечным путем.)

Также разобрать упражнения индивидуально можно с